ICT stand for information and communication technologies and are defined, for the purposes, as a “diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information.” These technologies include computers, the Internet, broad casting technologies (radio and television), and telephony.

The positive effect of certain biotic and abiotic factors viz., Inoculum level and growth phase, cultural condition, pH, presence of divalent cations and chelating agents on the enhancement of co-flocculation between PGPR cells viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF-5) and Paenibacillus polymyxa (PB-5) was studied under in vitro condition. It was observed that 107:107 inoculum level and stationary growth phase of PGPR partners were found to be optimum for maximising the coflocculation. The cells of PGPR partners harvested from N-deficient medium recorded more co-flocculation when compared to PGPR cells harvested from N-rich medium. Further, The PGPR cells cultured at 350c and at pH level of 7.5 recorded higher co-flocculation percentage than other levels. Moreover, the addition of Ca2+, as divalent cations, augmented higher co-flocculation percentage of PGPR cells while the addition of EDTA, as chelating agent, reduced the stability of PGPR coflocs, significantly. It was concluded that the PGPR cells cultured in N-deficient medium at 350C temperature and pH 7.0 levels during the stationary growth phase yielded more coflocculation percentage between PGPR partners. Moreover, the use of 107::107 inoculum level of PGPR partners and addition of calcium, as divalent cation, were found to be optimum for maximising the coflocculation percentage between PGPR partners.

Today availability of e-resources in a university library is very common. But their proper and maximum use is a matter for discussion. The present paper examines the existence of various e-resources and services are available in some selected Engineering Colleges Library at Ramanathapuram District. The study also highlights different types of electronic resources used by students and faculty members of Engineering Colleges for the purposes and frequency of using electronic resources and the problems faced by the faculty members, research scholars and students while accessing and using the electronic resources in the library.

All investigators have found that rapid improvement in strength accompanies the growth of chieldren and maximal strength is found to occur for most muscle groups between the ages of twenty-five and thirty. The difference in the age ranged used to define adolescent reflects the high degree of interindividual varability in the maturational status of this age group. Hence the purpose of this investigation was to construc norms on muscular strength for North-Eastern states adolescent boys. To achieve this purpose boys from various schools of various districts of North-Eastern states of India [Tripura (TR), Meghalaya (ML), Assam (AS), Mizoram (MZ), Manipur (MN), Nagaland (NL) and Arunachal Pradesh (A.R.)] (N=12,600) were selected as subjects at random. Their age ranged from 13 to 15 years (studying from 7th to 10th standard). Muscular strength was measured by the push ups to construct the norms of muscular strength fitness test; mean and standard deviation were computed by using SPSS statistical package and obtained scores were converted into Hull Scale. The result reveals that, when age advances in adolescent period, muscular strength is increased also

This paper is discussed about the mapping of research procutivity in Bharathidasan University and Madurai Kamaraj University. This study only focus from 2009 to 2013 on the data available in Indian Citation Index. As per the sources available in the Indian Citation Index 511 article were published which includes in the year 2004, 37 (7.24%) articles were published by two universities. But the maximum no of article, 69(13.50%) in the year 2013. Among the 511, 378(73.97%) articles from Bharathidasan University and 133(26.03%) articles from Madurai Kamaraj University. It is pointed out that highest no. of articles published by Bhrathidasan University.

India being developing country, is deploying Digital Technology in every possible field such as Information Technology, e-governance, e-banking, e-franking, e-sat services, e-tendering, but simultaneously it is facing shortage of trained personnel for making proper utilisation of all such facilities. Similarly in the field of Libraries, few are pro-active ICT Libraries but major are struggling to switch on to ICT but due to under trained personnel could not cater their services to students, teaching staff as well smart users in almost all College Libraries. This research paper is related with analysing knowledge levels of Librarians about ICT, colleges affiliated to Sant Gadage Baba Amravati University, Amravati which they are expected extend to prospective users, students and teaching staff of the Institution.

This paper presents citation analysis of Ph. D theses submitted in the discipline of economics of the Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati during 1970-2010. The study is based on the 19654 citations cited in 123 Ph. D theses of economics. The study presents the analysis of several parameters like bibliographic form, authorship pattern, year wise distribution of theses, ranking of core journals and books, year wise distribution of cited documents. The study finds that books/online books form is the most preferred sources of information used by the researcher in the field of economics accounting for 49.57%, and most of the field of the citations (65.14%) are contributed by single author, USA (36.73%) is the largest producer of literature in the field of economics compared to other countries and most dominant language was English 95.82%.

The present study discusses about the users satisfaction towards resources and services of A.J. institute of dental sciences library, Mangalore. The questionnaire method was used for data collection along with observation and interview with the users. Among the 100 questionnaire distributed 87 respondents returned back with 87 percent response rate. The received data was organized in a tabular form and simple table analysis done to draw conclusion. The findings shows that, majority of respondents scoring 55(63.2%) are female, 31(35.7%) respondents visit the library daily, among the 87 respondents, 43(49.42%) users visit the library ‘to barrow books’, about 55 (63.21%) respondents are fully satisfied with ‘Reference services’. And users are not satisfied with ‘Inter library loan facility’ and ‘Bibliographic services’ accounting 60 (68.96%) nearly 48(55.17%) respondents are not satisfied with the ‘Career guidance service

Bibliometric study is quantitative method for analyzing various aspects of written document. This subject is very popular among the research scholar because in ever filed of knowledge the research scholar are interested in exploring research area and finding out the utility of their contribution through citations of the said evidence of Periyar University , Salem, Tamilnadu. The study period is totally 23 years from 1989 to 2012 covering 106 Ph.D journals, male and female researchers, references used, bibliographic forms of reference, authorship pattern, number of chapters, and subject wise distribution.

Advancements in the field of information communication technologies over the years have extended the frontiers of new information communication technologies applicable to library processes beyond the computer. It is in light of this, that the paper discusses the applications of information communication technology on organization of knowledge in Nigerian libraries. It examines the impact of ICT on organization of knowledge and factors that are militating against its effective application on organization of knowledge. While recommendations were made to enhance the effectiveness of ICT applications on organization of knowledge in Nigerian libraries.

This standard defines a client/server based service and protocol for Information Retrieval. It specifies procedures and formats for a client to search a database provided by a server, retrieve database records, and perform related information retrieval functions. In this paper discussed features of Z39.50 incorporated in integrated Library system and personal bibliographic reference software. Inter-library catalogue searches for interlibrary loan and its implementation in library for better services and also describe the History, Limitations and future of Z39.50.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a new generation of auto identification and data collection technology which helps to automate library process and allows identification of large number of tagged objects like books, using radio waves. RFID used in library management system would allow fast circulation follow for the library and will prove immediate and long term benefits to library in traceability and security. Whenever student needs any book from the library to be issued, he needs to insert his RFID card into the RFID Card Reader placed in the Library. The micro-Controller checks whether the student got membership or not by communicating with RFID Card Reader.

A newspaper (often just called a paper when the context is clear) is a periodical publication containing news, other informative articles, and usually advertising. A newspaper is usually printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade paper such as newsprint. The news organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Most newspapers now publish online as well as in print. The online versions are called online newspapers or news sites. Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly. News magazines are also weekly, but they have a magazine format. General-interest newspapers typically publish news articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news. The news includes political events and personalities, business and finance, crime, severe weather, and natural disasters; health and medicine, science, and technology; sports; and entertainment, society, food and cooking, clothing and home fashion, and the arts. Typically the paper is divided into sections for each of those major groupings Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing editorials written by an editor, op-eds written by guest writers, and columns that express the personal opinions of columnists, usually offering analysis and synthesis that attempts to translate the raw data of the news into information telling the reader "what it all means" and persuading them to concur.

The purpose of this article is to focus on the ICT definition, characteristics, Components and changing role of the librarian in the ICT World. Presently we are living in ICT based world. Today, Librarian has to play multiple evolving and expanding roles to face many new challenges in the dynamic ICT environment. The role of librarian in ICT especially as Leader, Two-Way Communicator, Identifier, Information Collector, Information Organizer, Web Site Designer, Information Analyst, Researcher, Knowledge Manager, Information Scientists, E-Resource Managers and Information Disseminator of information resources is also described.

This paper is discussing about the role of knowledge management systems in libraries on web Environment. The Knowledge management in academic libraries should be focused on effective research and development of knowledge, creation of knowledge bases, exchange and sharing of knowledge in between library staff and its users, training of library staff, speeding up, explicit processing of the implicit knowledge and realizing of its sharing. Any organization can develop their own knowledge management system using internet with login access to all its departments and employees at different places. So, the Libraries provides wide range of references and services via web.